Title:

Titanium Dioxide (TiO2): Anatase-Rutile Phase Transition

As an easy to synthesize catalyst, Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is an inexpensive but versatile material that has promising potential as a support in molecular conversion. TiO2 has unique morphologies that could provide the necessary surface design and reaction selectivity to achieve successful conversions in a subsequent project. TiO2 has 3 main crystalline morphologies, Anatase, Rutile, and Brookite, each with specific properties. Anatase TiO2 was synthesized using a Sol-Gel synthesis method. After air calcination, phase identification was performed through Raman spectrometry, as anatase and rutile phases exhibit different patterns in Raman shift. Pure samples of anatase and rutile confirmed through x-ray diffraction (XRD) were used as a reference to model the phase transition between calcined anatase and rutile. Normalized peak height is related to the phase composition and therefore compared with the reference model. It was observed that, under elevated temperature and/or pressure, anatase phase irreversibly converts to rutile phase. Phase mixtures of anatase and rutile can be fine-tuned by adjusting temperature and time, therefore affecting characteristic behaviors in surface area, selectivity, and reactivity.

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