Title:

Synthesis and Photophysical Characterization of Imidazolidinone Macrocyclic Chromophores

Fluorophores are essential tools for cellular imaging, enabling the visualization of endlessly intricate biological processes. The discovery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) revolutionized the field by allowing genetic encoding of fluorescence in living systems, leading to advancements in molecular and cellular biology. While small-molecule fluorophores GFP analogs have also been developed, their applications are mostly limited by environmental factors needed to restrict chromophore motion to fluorescence. Macrocyclic fluorophores represent a promising yet understudied class that aims to bridge the gap between small-molecule probes and genetically encoded fluorophores like GFP. To optimize the potential for the chromophore, a macrocyclic design will be introduced to restrict its rotation and to increase its quantum yield. Within the synthetic route of this macrocycle, there is a key step which converts an oxazolone chromophore to the desired imidazole chromophore. This step also adds a functional group to the chromophore which could tune the photophysical properties. This work lays the foundation for further exploration of macrocyclic designs and their potential to advance fluorescence based applications in scientific and medical fields.

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