Title:

Novel Eutectic Mixtures for Cryopreservation

This project investigates the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) as biocompatible cryoprotectants. A well-researched eutectic mixture is choline chloride (ChCl) and urea, however ChCl does not have any ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity. N-ethyl choline iodide (NECI) is derived from ChCl and shows excellent IRI activity, meaning it has the potential to be a good cryoprotectant. The eutectic ratio between NECI:Urea was found to be 35:65, which aligns with the known ChCl:Urea eutectic ratio. The eutectic ratio for NECI:Glucose appears to be in the range of 6:4. And 7:3, which differs greatly from the ChCl:Glucose literature eutectic ratio. This data was obtained using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), where various DSC methods were employed to determine the most reliable data collection method. It was observed that modulated heating and cooling provided more accurate data than linear heating and cooling. Additionally, the impact of water used to prepare a cryoprotectant DES was examined. Small amounts of water appear to help promote hydrogen bonding between the components in the DES, but too much water dilutes the hydrogen bonding in the DES, creating an aqueous solution.

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